English Grammar

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

February 20, 2023 by Souvik Leave a Comment

A preposition is a word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to introduce an object. Some examples of prepositions are words like “in,” “at,” “on,” “of,” and “to.”SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

HSLC EXAM 2020

a. They are satisfied with your work. (by/at/with)

b. Man doesn’t live by bread alone. (on/by/at)

c. Rita excels in dancing. (at/by/in)

d. He is looking for a domestic help. (to/in/for)

HSLC EXAM 2019

a. This train is bound for Delhi. (to/upon/for)

b. Assam is rich in minerals. (for/in/about)

c. I met him on the street. (in/on/upon)

d. Happiness consists in speaking the truth. (of/in/at)

HSLC EXAM 2018

a. He always runs after money. (at/for/after)

b. Flour is made from wheat. (of/from/with)

c. Write your answers in black ink. (with/by/in)

d. The cow lives on grass. (on/upon/with) ||SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

HSLC EXAM 2017

a. We go to school by bus. (in/with/by)

b. I am senior to your sister. (than/to/from)

c. The president presided over the meeting. (in/over/at)

d. She excels in dancing. (at/in/by)

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved – click here

HSLC EXAM 2016

a. The cow lives on grass. (by/from/on)

b. He lives from hand to mouth. (on/from/by)

c. He is appointed to the post. (in/to/at)

d. She is junior to me by three years. (to/from/than)

HSLC EXAM 2015

a. Health is preferable to wealth. (than/for/to)

b. He is angry with his naughty sister. (at/with/upon)

HSLC EXAM 2014

a. She is looking for a domestic help. (to/in/for)

b. The burden seemed too much for him. (to/for/on)

HSLC EXAM 2013

a. Happiness consists in speaking the truth. (of/in/for)

b. One should be honest in dealing with fellowmen. (on/in/at) || SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

HSLC EXAM 2012

a. I met him on the street. (in/at/on)

b. Please pay attention to your studies. (for/to/on)

c. He is an authority on science. (of/on/in)

d. The teacher is in full control over the class. (of/over/in)

Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved – click here

HSLC EXAM 2011

a. There was a noise of children at play. (in/on/at)

b. Her mother is on the town council. (in/on/over)

c. The teacher knows his students by name. (with/by/for)

d. Babysitters are a boon to parents. (for/upon/to)

HSLC EXAM 2010

a. What is the time by your watch? (in/on/by)

b. This is a quotation from Milton. (of/from/by)

c. You should provide well for your children. (for/to/of)

d. He has not yet recovered from his illness. (by/of/from)

e. He sympathised with me in my sorrow. (to/with/for)

f. The old man is hard of hearing. (of/for/in)

HSLC EXAM 2009

a. Shoes are made of leather. (with/of/by)

b.I can’t agree to your proposal. (to/with/on)

c. The man repented of his past misdeeds. (for/at/of)

d. She is gifted with a sweet voice. (by/of/with)

e. Man doesn’t live by bread alone. (on/by/for)

f. Always beware of false friends. (with/whom/of)

HSLC EXAM 2008

a. Do not boast of your wealth. (for/of/in)

b. The ship was bound for India. (to/for/of)

c. He goes to school by bus. (in/by/with)

d. He has been suffering from fever. (with/by/from)

e. Assam is rich in minerals. (with/for/in)

f. I prefer tea to cold drinks. (to/from/than

অসমৰ ইতিহাস।। ASSAM HISTORY APSC Prelims Previous Years Questions – click here

HSLC EXAM 2007

a. The train is bound for Howrah. (to/at/for)

b. One should not boast of one’s wealth. (of/for/at)

c. My sister excels in dancing. (at/in/by)

d. That man is devoid of common sense. (of/in/from)

e. This film is suitable for children. (to/with/for)

f. The girl parted from her parents in tears. (with/from/by) || SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

HSLC EXAM 2006

a. I can’t part with this book. (with/of/from)

b. I was surprised at his behavior. (with/by/at)

c. He will come back in an hour. (by/at/in)

d. The lame man lives by begging. (by/with/on)

e. Do not run after money. (for/after/at)

f. She was tired of waiting for him. (with/by/of)

HSLC EXAM 2005

a. Man doesn’t live by bread alone. (on/for/by)

b. There is an exception to every rule. (on/to/in)

c. You should not boast of your wealth. (of/in/for)

d. Mr Sarma presided over the meeting. (on/at/over)

e. She prefers tea to cold drinks. (for/than/to)

f. Nobody in the class could compete with Raju. (against/with/to)

HSLC EXAM 2004

a. Socrates had no desire for wealth or comfort. (for/of/towards)

b. Pay attention to what your teacher says. (at/in/to)

c. He is satisfied with his job. (at/with/in)

d. I am indebted to you for your help. (with/at/to)

e. Assam is rich in minerals. (in/for/with)

f. One should be conscious of one’s faults. (about/of/at)

মিউচুয়াল ফান্ড || What is Mutual fund in Assamese – click here

HSLC EXAM 2003

a. Gandhi was convicted of lying. (of/for/to)

b. The labourer lives from hand to mouth. (by/from/for)

c. I warned him against driving so fast. (of/from/against)

d. Always beware of false friends. (from/at/of)

e. Great books deal with human problems. (of/with/in)

f. The teacher was annoyed with me. (at/from/with)

HSLC EXAM 2002

a. I am satisfied with your work. (by/with/at)

b. The boy was charged with stealing. (for/of/with)

c. You should be polite to your seniors. (to/with/for)

d. I have a distaste for Pop music. (in/for/of)

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

HSLC EXAM 2001

a. She is gifted with a sweet voice. (of/to/with)

b. I can’t agree to your proposal. (at/to/with)

c. I have great regard for my teachers. (for/in/to)

HSLC EXAM 2000

a. The ship was bound for India. (to/of/for)

b. Virtue consists in speaking the truth. (in/of/on)

c. I was amazed at his conduct. (at/by/in)

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

Exercise of Preposition –

Jenny was being impolite to everyone at the party. (to / with / at
Mrs Robinson searched the entire house for her favourite necklace. (for / of / to)
Suzan apologised to her parents for her rude behaviour. (to / at)
Always be polite and gentle to everyone. (to / with / at)
Raj’s dad met with an accident yesterday. I truly felt sorry for him. (for / about)

Exercise of Preposition –

The lion was killed…………………… the hunter……………………… a sword, (in, on, by, with)
Father divided his property……………………… four sons, (between, among, of, in)
He has been living in this house…………………….. 1985. (for, since, in, on)
I shall return…………………. a month, (in, of, on, for)
The Ramayana is lying…………………. the table, (in, of, on, for)
We shall finish this work……………….. 5 p.m. today, (in, by, on, at)
Send me letters……………… this address, (by, in, to, on)
You should listen……………………. what your parents say. (among, in, to, between)
Sita writes………………… (with, on, in, at)
He did not listen………………….. my advice, (at, to, in, on)

Answer:
by, with; among; since; in; on; by; on; to; in; to

Exercise of Preposition

It’s a machine …………………………. cutting hay.
I draw pictures ……………………….. pleasure.
What did you shout ……………………….. him for?
He stood before her …………………………….. the queue.
We knelt ………………………….. the shrine.
Your name comes …………………………….. mine on the list.
Rice sells ………………………….. Rs.45 each kilo.
I bought this pen ……………………..5 dollars.
He drives ………………………. 70 kmph (kilometer per hour).
The man was shooting …………………………. the crowd.

Answers

for
for
at
in
before
before
at
for
at
at

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SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved

February 18, 2023 by Souvik Leave a Comment

Assam SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved from Question Bank.voice change questions class 10 ; 50 Additional Practice Questions Also Given at the End of This Lesson –

Subject	Object
I	Me
We	Us
You	You
He	Him
She	Her
They	Them
Name	Name remains as it is

Basic Formulas of Voice Change

Present Tense
Simple Present Tense
Active : S + V1 + O
Passive : ‘O’ + am/is/are + V3 + by + ‘S’

Present Continuous Tense
Active : S + am/is/are + V1 + ing + O
Passive : O + am/is/are + being + V3 + by + S

Present Perfect Tense
Active : S + has/have + V3 + O
Passive : O + has/have + been + V3 + by + S

Past Tense
Simple Past Tense
Active : S + V2 + O
Passive : O + was/were + V3 + by + S

Past Continuous Tense
Active : S + was/were + V1 + ing + O
Passive : O + was/were + being + V3 + by + S

Past Perfect Tense
Active: S + had + V3 + O
Passive: O + had been + V3 + by + S

Future Tense
Simple Future Tense
Active : S + shall/will + V1 + O
Passive : O + shall/will + be + V3 + by + S

Future Perfect Tense
Active : S + shall/will have + V3 + O
Passive : O + shall/will have + been + V3 + by + S

Voice Change in Assamese – click here

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Years’ Solved

HSLC Exam 2020

a. I do not know his brother.

Ans: His brother is not known to me.

b. English is spoken by many people all over the world.

Ans: Many people speak English all over the world.

HSLC Exam 2019

a. I have lost my English textbook.

Ans: My English textbook has been lost.

b. He was punished for his misconduct.

Ans: The teacher punished him for his misconduct.

HSLC Exam 2018

a. The letters have been posted.

Ans: They/ we have posted the letters.

b. He did the work alone.

Ans: The work was done alone by him.

HSLC Exam 2017

a. People speak English all over the world.

Ans: English is spoken all over the world.

b. America was discovered by Colombus.

Ans: Colombus discovered America.

HSLC Exam 2016

a. The students elected him secretary.

Ans: He was elected secretary.

b. The stage was decorated by the students.

Ans: The students decorated the stage.

HSLC Exam 2015

a. We were surprised at his conduct.

Ans: His conduct surprised us.

b. Why did your father refuse such an honorable job?

Ans: Why was such an honorable job refused by your father?

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved

HSLC Exam 2014

a. Accidents are caused by carelessness.

Ans: Carelessness causes accidents.

b. Who did this work?

Ans: By whom was this work done?

HSLC Exam 2013

a. A hunter shot the tiger.

Ans: The tiger was shot by a hunter.

b. The gate was opened by the peon.

Ans: The peon opened the gate.

HSLC Exam 2012

a. Children like sweets.

Ans: Sweets are liked by children.

b. By whom can this be done?

Ans: Who can do this?

HSLC Exam 2011

a. The members elected him secretary.

Ans: He was elected secretary.

b. The grandmother looks after the child.

Ans: The child is looked after by the grandmother.

HSLC Exam 2010

a. We discussed the matter thoroughly.

Ans: The matter was discussed thoroughly by us.

b. I delivered all the letters.

Ans: All the letters were delivered by me.

HSLC Exam 2009

a. The workers repaired the bridge.

Ans: The bridge was repaired by the workers.

b. I have bought a few books.

Ans: A few books have been bought by me.

HSLC Exam 2008

a. He is writing a letter.

Ans: A letter is being written by him.

b. The hunter killed the tiger.

Ans: The tiger was killed by the hunter.

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Years’ Solved

HSLC Exam 2007

a. I have posted the letters.

Ans: The letters have been posted by me.

b. The lady helps the poor.

Ans: The poor are helped by the lady.

HSLC Exam 2006

a. Our teacher buys books every month.

Ans: Books are bought every month by our teacher.

b. I do not know his address.

Ans: His address is not known to me.

HSLC Exam 2005

a. The teacher is correcting our copies.

Ans: Our copies are being corrected by the teacher.

a. My book has been stolen.

Ans: Someone has stolen my book.

HSLC Exam 2004

a. Some boys broke the window panes.

Ans: The window panes were broken by some boys.

b. They have completed the work.

Ans: The work has been completed by them.

HSLC Exam 2003

a. A doctor is examining the patients.

Ans: The patients are being examined by a doctor.

b. The tiger was killed by the hunter.

Ans: The hunter killed the tiger.

HSLC Exam 2002

a. People speak English all over the world.

Ans: English is spoken all over the world.

b. The stage was decorated by the students.

Ans: The students decorated the stage.

HSLC Exam 2001

a. They say that he is a saint.

Ans: It is said that he is a saint.

b. Was a tiger killed by the hunter?

Ans: Did the hunter kill a tiger?

HSLC Exam 2000

a. You should not raise this question now.

Ans: This question should not be raised now by you.

b. The bridge was completed in a record time.

Ans: They completed the bridge in a record time.

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved

অসমৰ ইতিহাস।। ASSAM HISTORY APSC Prelims Previous Years Questions – click here

50 Additional Practice Questions

1. They elected him Chairman.
2.   The children laughed at the beggar.
3.   The guard caught the thief.
4.   The soldiers attacked the enemy barracks.
5.   The cat drank all the milk.
6.   The old man takes snuff.
7.   Somebody hit the dog with a stick.
8.   I will order the carriage.
9.   One may accomplish anything with a little effort.
10.   A thunderstorm often turns milk sour.
11.   The boy was climbing the cliff.
12.   Will you ever forget those happy days?
13.   All desire wealth and some acquire it.
14.   They laughed at his warnings.
15.   He made the child drink the milk.

Answers

1.   He was elected chairman (by them).
2.   The beggar was laughed at by the children.
3.   The thief was caught by the guard.
4.   The enemy barracks were attacked by the soldiers.
5.   All the milk was drunk by the cat.
6.   Snuff is taken by the old man.
7.   The dog was hit with a stick (by somebody).
8.   The carriage will be ordered (by me).
9.   With a little effort anything can be accomplished.
10.   Milk is often turned sour by a thunderstorm.
11.   The cliff was being climbed by the boy.
12.   Will those happy days ever be forgotten (by you)?
13.   Wealth is desired by all and acquired by some.
14.   His warnings were laughed at.
15.   The child was made to drink the milk.

Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved – click here

Exercise

Q. Millions of people will have lost their jobs due to corona.
– Jobs will have been lost by millions of people due to corona.
Q. He made a plan.
– A plan was made by him.
Q. The Indian Army will have pushed back the Chinese Army by then.
– The Chinese Army will have been pushed back by the Indian Army by then.
Q. Why are you making noise?
– Why is noise being made by you?
Q. Did he understand the lesson?
-. Was the lesson understood by him?
Q. Shut the door.
– Let the door be shut.

Q.The man stole my purse.
– My purse was stolen by the man.
Q.We are demanding our rights.
-Our rights are being demanded by us

Exercise

The dog chased the cat.
The dog bit the boy.
The peon rang the bell.
Ram played hockey.
Miss Mary teaches us English.
Raj caught the ball.
Children like sweets.
Rita will take a photograph.
Who taught you this poem?
The police arrested the smuggler.

Answers-

The cat was chased by the dog.
The boy was bitten by the dog.
The bell was rung by the peon.
Hockey was played by Ram.
English is taught to us by Miss Mary.
The ball was caught by Raj.
Sweets are liked by children.
A photograph will be taken by Rita.
By whom were you taught this poem?
The smuggler was arrested by the police.

Exercise

The thieves have been arrested by the police.
The marvellous performance delivered by the children enthralled us.
He has been invited to their party.
We have shipped your order.
The girl recited the poem beautifully.
The guests enjoyed the party.
The child impressed everyone with his polite manners.
A girl from Chennai won the first prize.
The readers like the latest book of the writer.
They are painting the walls.

Answers-

The police have arrested the thieves.
We were enthralled by the marvellous performance delivered by the children.
They have invited him to their party.
Your order has been shipped by us.
The poem was beautifully recited by the girl.
The party was enjoyed by the guests.
Everyone was impressed with the polite manners of the child.
The first prize was won by a girl from New York.
The latest book of the writer is liked by the readers.
The walls are being painted by them.

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved

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Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

February 17, 2023 by Souvik Leave a Comment

Grammar Questions on Determiners of Last 2o Years’ Solved || Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved From 2000 – 2022

HSLC Exam 2022

a. Mr Barua is a man of few words.

b. Ms. Manisha married a European gentleman.

c. I want only a little encouragement from you.

d. Each of the participants will be given a certificate.

HSLC Exam 2020

a. They won the match without much difficulty. (many/much/more)
b. Reading is a useful hobby. (a/an/the)
c. I gave him the few books I had. (few/a few/the few)
d. Kalidasa is the Shakespeare of India. (a/an/the)

HSLC Exam 2019

a. My brother had gone an hour ago. (a/an/the)

b. A busy man has little time to waste. (little/a little/the little)

c. The classes started after the bell rang. (a/an/the)

d. Much of their property was lost in the flood. (Many/much/any)

Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

HSLC Exam 2018

a. The rich are not always unkind. (a/an/the)

b. The principal gave the students some sound advice. (many/some/more)

c. Every school has a union of the students. (a/an/the)

d. Is there any coffee left in the pot? (any/some/more)

HSLC Exam 2017

a. My brother is an N.C.C. cadet. (a/an/the)

b. We found the house without much difficulty. (many/more/much)

c. He has to feed his family with the little money he earns. (little/a little/the little)

d. Our principal is a man of few words. (few/a few/the few)

HSLC Exam 2016

a. Ramen comes home twice a month. (a/the/an)

b. Mr. Bell rang the bell of alarm and I woke up. (a/an/the)

c. A busy person has little time to waste. (little/a little/the little)

d. Only a few of the applicants were found suitable. (few/a few/the few)

HSLC Exam 2015

a. Please give me a little time to finish the work. (little/a little/the little)
b. Then I will take you to the university. (a/an/the)

Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

HSLC Exam 2014

a. I gave a one rupee note to the beggar. (a/an/the)
b. My father is much older than my mother. (many/much/more)
c. I buy a few books every month. (few/the few/a few)
d. I need the little money I have. (little/a little/the little)

HSLC Exam 2013

a. He will come back within an hour. (a/an/the)
b. Few men are free from faults. (few/a few/the few)
c. Leap year falls in every fourth year. (any/every/each)
d. A little learning is a dangerous thing. (little/a little/the little)

Translation in Assamese – click here

HSLC Exam 2012

a. Few men are free from faults. (few/a few/the few)
b. An hour has passed since he left us. (a/an/the)
c. Each of the students will be given a copy of the magazine. (every/each/any)
d. Please give me the little money you have. (little/a little/the little)

HSLC Exam 2011

a. The painter is a man of few words. (few/a few/the few)
b. An honorary secretary gets no salary for holding the post. (a/an/the)
C. Each of the candidates must produce his/her identity card. (any/every/each)
d. India won the match with a little bit of luck. (little/a little/the little)

HSLC Exam 2010

a. My brother is an N.C.C. cadet. (a/an/the)
b. First read the few books you have with you. (few/a few/the few)
c. Many of the oranges were rotten. (many/more/much)
d. Socrates gave much useful advice to his pupils. (many/much/more)
e. Hurry up! We have only a little time left. (little/a little/the little)
f. The workers decided to form a union. (a/an/the)

HSLC Exam 2009

a. He gave away the little money he had to the beggar. (little/a little/the little)
b. Reading is a useful hobby. (a/an/the)
c. Only a few of the candidates were suitable. (few/a few/the few)
c. They won the match without much difficulty. (much/more/many)
d. Each of the competitors will get a certificate. (any/each/every)
e. I don’t expect any help from them. (Some/any/many)

অসমৰ ইতিহাস।।Assam History Most Important Questions – click here

HSLC Exam 2008

a. Many guests were invited but only a few turned up. (the few/a few/few)
b. This is the European lady I was talking about. (a/an/the)
c. I cannot give you any money. (any/a little/some)
d. We found the house without much difficulty. (much/many/more)
e. Sri Lanka is an island. (a/an/the)
f. Each of the boys was rewarded. (each/every/any)

Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

HSLC Exam 2007

a. He has a few friends who stand by him. (few/a few/the few)
b. Did you have any difficulty in finding the house? (much/any/many)
c. His brother is a university student. (a/an/the)
d. I appreciate even the little help they gave me. (little/a little/the little)
e. An umbrella is a useful thing. (a/an/the)
f. Have you any book to read? (some/many/any)

HSLC Exam 2006

a. That girl has many good qualities. (much/more/many)
b. Can you help me with a little money? (little/a little/the little)
c. Our principal is a man of few words. (few/a few/the few)
d. Did you buy any oranges today? (any/some/many)
e. Our teacher gave us much useful advice. (many/more/much)
f. Kalidasa is the Shakespeare of India. (a/an/the)

Last 22 Year's HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved — Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

HSLC Exam 2005

a. Only a few among the invitees turned up. (few/a few/the few)
b. Do you have any books on astrology? (some/any)
c. You will have to manage with the little money you have. (little/a little/the little)
d. An undergraduate cannot apply for that post. (a/an/the)
e. The society gives much respect to a thinker. (many/more/much)
f. This is not a usual happening? (a/an/the)

HSLC Exam 2004

a. This is the room I work in. (a/an/the)
b. Many of the apples were rotten. (many/much/more)
c. Only a few of the applicants were suitable. (few/a few/the few)
d. I expect only a little encouragement from you. (little/a little/the little)
e. The workers decided to form a union. (a/an/the)
f. Did you buy any bread today? (some/any/many)

মিউচুয়াল ফান্ড || What is MUTUAL FUND in Assamese – click here

HSLC Exam 2003

a. Much of their property was destroyed in the flood. (many/much/more)
b. He has to manage with the little money he earns. (little/a little/the little)
c. This is the European lady I was talking about. (a/an/the).
d. Many guests were invited but only a few turned up. (few/a few/the few)
e. We found the house without much difficulty. (much/many/more)
f. Rajanikanta is called the Scott of Assam. (a/an/the)

HSLC Exam 2002

a. I cannot give you any money. (any/some/a little)
b. Our principal is a man of few words. (few/a few/the few)
c. She doesn’t get much time for studies. (many/much/some)
d. My brother is an N.C.C. cadet. (a/an/the)
e. This story is very interesting. (much/more/very).
f. He has to feed his family with the little money he earns. (little/a little/the little)

HSLC Exam 2001

a. He gave me a one rupee note. (a/an/the)
b. Can you lend me a few books? (few/a few/the few)
c. He is much older than his wife. (more/much/many)
d. He will stay here for a little while. (little/a little/ the little)
e. Each of the boys has done his work. (every/some/each)
f. She has lots of things to do. (lots of/much/most)

HSLC Exam 2000

a. I received much encouragement from my parents. (much/more/many)
b. My brother is an NCC cadet. (a/an/the)
c. He doesn’t trust the few friends he has. (few/a few/the few)
d. A busy person has little time to waste. (little/a little/the little)

Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

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English Grammar

July 31, 2021 by Souvik 4 Comments

Contents

Chapter 1 » Letter – বৰ্ণ বা আখৰ

Chapter 2 » Articles

Chapter 3 » Parts of Speech- পদ

Chapter 4 » Noun – বিশেষ্য

Chapter 5 » Pronoun – সৰ্বনাম

Chapter 6 » Adjective – বিশেষণ

Chapter 7 » Verb – ক্ৰিয়া

Chapter 8 » Adverb – ক্ৰিয়া বিশেষণ

Chapter 9 » Interjection – ভাৱবোধক অব্যয়

Chapter 10 » Conjunction – সংযোজক অব্যয়

Chapter 11 » Tense – কাল

Chapter 12 » Voice Change in Assamese

Chapter 13 » Sentence – বাক্য

Chapter 14 » Preposition – অব্যয়

Chapter 15 » Auxiliary Verb in Assamese

Chapter 16 » Last 22 Year’s HSLC SEBA Determiners Solved

Chapter 17 » SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Year’s Solved

Chapter 18 » SEBA HSLC Class 10 Preposition of Last 23 Year’s Solution

Auxiliary Verb in Assamese

June 12, 2021 by Souvik Leave a Comment

Auxiliary Verb বোৰক প্ৰধানকৈ দুটা ভাগত ভাগ কৰা হৈছে –

1. Primary Auxiliary 2. Model Auxiliary

🔺 Primary Auxiliary Verbs:- am, is, are, was , were, have, has, had

🔺Model Auxiliary Verbs:- Shall, Should, Will, Would, Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Ought to

💡Shall/ Will -ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ:-

i) ভবিষ‍্যত কাল বুজাবলৈ Second আৰু Third Person ৰ লগত ‘will‘ কিন্তু First Person (singular বা plural) ৰ লগত ‘Shall‘ ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

যেনে- I shall do it. We shall do it. She/he/they will do it.

ii) জোৰ (emphasis) দি বুজাবলৈ 1st Person ৰ লগত Will আৰু 2nd + 3rd person ৰ লগত Shall ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

যেনে- He shall pass the examination this year.

I will go to hour home tomorrow.

💡Should/ Would ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ –

1. দায়িত্ব বা কৰ্তব্য বুজাবলৈ Should ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

যেনে- You should do your duty.

2. নৈতিক বা সামাজিক দায়বদ্ধতা বুজাবলৈ Should ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

যেনে- You should respect your elder

3. উপদেশ দিবলৈ should ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে- You should consult with a doctor

4. ভদ্ৰতাসূচক প্ৰশ্ন কৰিবলৈ Would ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে- Would you do me a favour?

5. অতীতৰ অভ‍্যাসজনীত কাম বোৰ বুজাবলৈ Would ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

6. কল্পনা কৰিবলৈ Would ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

💡 Can/ Could ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ –

1. বৰ্তমানৰ সামৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ Can ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে – I can speak English.

2. অনুমতি লবলৈ বা দিবলৈ Can ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয়। যেনে – Can i use your phone?

3. সম্ভাৱনা বুজাবলৈ Can ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

4. অতীতৰ সামৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ Could ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

5. ভদ্ৰতা সূচক প্ৰশ্ন কৰিবলৈ Could ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে – Could you please repeat it again?

💡 May / Might ব্যাবহাৰ শিকক-

1. অত্যাধিক সম্ভাৱনা বুজাবলৈ May ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে- It may rain now.

2. সামান্য সম্ভাৱনা বুজাবলৈ Might ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে- He might come tomorrow.

3. সন্মানৰ সৈতে অনুমতি লবলৈ বা প্ৰশ্ন কৰিবলৈ May or Might ব্যাবহাৰ কৰিব পাৰি । যেনে- May I come in sir?

💡 Must ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ-

1. নিশ্চয়তা বুজাবলৈ must ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

2. বাধা দিয়া অৰ্থত must ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

3. Obligation বুজাবলৈ must ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।

Translation click here

Voice Change in Assamese click here

Preposition in Assamese click here

Preposition- অব্যয় in Assamese language

June 8, 2021 by Souvik Leave a Comment

কিছুমান Sentence বিলাকত থকা on,in,at,under,with,for- এই word-বোৰ Preposition. এই word বোৰে Noun বা Pronoun -ৰ আগত বহি sentence-ৰ আন শব্দৰ লগত সম্মন্ধ স্থাপন কৰিছে । Preposition এবিধ bridge word বা সংযোগ সাধনকাৰী শব্দ । ( Preposition- অব্যয় in Assamese language )

গতিকে যিবিলাক word -এ Noun -বা Pronoun- ৰ আগত বহি sentence -ৰ আন শব্দৰ লগত সম্মন্ধ দেখুৱায় সেইবোৰ word ক Preposition বোলে ।

🔘 Preposition হব লাগিলে তাৰ এটা object থাকিবই লাগিব ।

🔘 Preposition -ৰ স্থান —–

👉 যি noun বা noun equivalent -ক preposition টোৱে govern কৰে ই ঠিক সেই Noun বা Noun Equivalent ৰ আগত বহে ।যেনে- He is in the room. We live on food.

👉 কেতিয়াবা আকৌ object টোৰ পাছতহে preposition বহে । যেনে- This is the book I spoke of. I want a pen to write with. I have nobody to depend on.

👉 Interrogative word -ক object ৰ দৰে govern কৰিলে preposition টো বাক‍্যৰ শেষত বহে । যেনে- What are you thinking of? Where does he come from? What class do you read in?

🔺তলত কিছুমান Preposition অৰ্থৰ সৈতে দিয়া হ’ল-

At- ত; With- লগত, সৈতে; Up- ওপৰত; On- কোনো বস্তুৰ ওপৰত; In- ভিতৰত; To- লৈ, প্ৰতি; Into- ভিতৰলৈ; By- ৰে; For- বাবে; Behind- পিছফালে; From- পৰা; After- পিছত; Inside- ভিতৰত; Of-ৰ; Under- তলত; Outside- বাহিৰত; Over- ওপৰত; Before- আগতে;

🔘 Kinds of Prepositions:

Preposition বিলাকক সাধাৰণতে দুটা ভাগত ভগাব পাৰি – Simple আৰু Complex .

এটা শব্দৰ preposition বিলাকক Simple Preposition বোলা হয় । যেনে: in, at, on, by, of, under, into, about ইত্যদি ।

এটাতকৈ অধিক শব্দযুক্ত Preposition বিলাকক Complex Prepositon বোলা হয় । যেনে: along with, because of, instead of, in between, due to, on account of etc.

🔘 Uses of some important Prepositions:

👉 Time and Date :

🔺At: নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময় বুজোৱা শব্দৰ আগত বহে । যেনে:- at 10 o’clock; at noon; at sunset; at Christmas.

🔺On: নিৰ্দিষ্ট দিন, তাৰিখ, বাৰ আদিৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত যেনে:- On Sunday; on the third july; on the morning of 31 Marc.

🔺 In: বেলা, মাহ, ঋতু, বছৰ আদিৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত- যেনে : In the morning, in the Evening, in july, in winter, in 1947, in five years etc.

🔺 On time আৰু in time : On time এ নিৰ্ধাৰিত সময়ত বুজায় কিন্তু in time -এ যথা সময়ত বা দেৰি নোহোৱা বুজায় । যেনে : The 9:30 train started on time. We were in time for the 9:30 train.

👉 Preposition of Place-

🔺 At and In– সৰু ঠাইৰ আগত “at” আৰু ডাঙৰ ঠাইয়ৰ আগত “in” ব্যৱহাৰ হয় ।

🔺 Place of residence বুজাবলৈ In ব্যাবহাৰ হয় । যেনে- Many Indian people like to live in cities. Similarly- in a village; in a suburbs, in the desert but at the seaside and on an island.

🔺 Country, continent, large town etc ক্ষেত্ৰত in বহে । যেনে- He used to live in China. My brother lives in Assam

🔺 House (place of Residence) -ৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত in বহে । যেনে- The man lives in a big bungalow. Similarly- in a cottage, in a mansion, in a modern house, in a flat, in a hotel, etc.

🔺 For the name of street and roads use in Example:- He lives in J.p.road

🔺 Place of work ৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত in বহে । যেনে – My brother works in a bank.

🔺 আমি এটা ঠাইৰ পৰা আন ঠাই লৈ গলে by bus, by car, by train, by boat, by sea, by plane যাও । কিন্তু খোঁজকাঢ়ি , ঘোঁৰা ৰ পিঠিত বা হাতীৰ পিঠিত গলে on foot, on horseback, on elephant’s back হয় ।

কিন্তু যেতিয়া বিশেষ বা নিজা বাহন ব্যবহাৰ কৰা হয় তেতিয়া by বাবহাৰ কৰিব নোৱাৰি । যেনে- We arrived in a taxi. He made the journey in his own car. We came in our own car.

🔺 Beside, Besides = Beside মানে কাষত (By the side of) আৰু Besides মানে উপৰিও বুঝায়।

যেনে- He sits beside me. I have two pens besides this.

🔺 By, With = কৰ্তা ৰ আগত by আৰু যিহেৰে বা যাৰ দ্বাৰা কাৰ্য কৰা হয় তাৰ আগতে with বহে । বা ব্যাক্তিৰ আগত by আৰু বস্তুৰ আগত with ব্যাবহাৰ হয় ।।

যেনে- The tiger was killed by the hunter(কৰ্তা) with a gun.(যাৰ দ্বাৰা)

🔺Before, within = Point of time বুজালে before আৰু Period of time বুঝালে within ব্যাবহাৰ হয় ।.

যেনে- I must return before 3 p.m. He will return within a month.

🔺 In , Into = ভিতৰত বুজালে in আৰু ভিতৰলৈ গতি কৰা বুজালে Into হয় ।

যেনে- He walks in the garden. He walked into the garden.

🔺Across, Along = এফালৰ পৰা আনফালে গতি কৰা বুজালে Across আৰু পোনে পোনে গতি কৰা বুজালে Along হয় । যেনে – He sails across the sea. He walks along the street.

🔺 On, Over :- লাগি থকা বুজালে on আৰু ওপৰত লাগি নাথাকিলে over হয় ।

যেনে- The book is on the table. The birds are flying over the hills.

🔺 Ago, Before – Past Tense ৰ দুটা verb একোটা sentence ত থাকিলে নিকট অতীত বুজোৱাটোত Ago আৰু দূৰ অতীত বুজালে before বহে ।

যেনে- He reached home three hours ago. His father breathed his last one year before.

🔺 of, From:- কোনো বস্তু যি পদাৰ্থৰে তৈয়াৰী পাছত সেই পদাৰ্থটো দেখা পালে ‘made of‘ হয় । আনহাতে কোনো বস্তু যি পদাৰ্থৰে তৈয়াৰী সে পদাৰ্থটো বস্তুটো বনোৱাৰ পিছত দেখা নাপালে ‘made from‘ হয় ।.

যেনে- This table is made of wood. Butter is made of milk.

🔺 About: i) ওচৰ বুজাবলৈ ; He stood about the door.

ii) প্ৰায় বুজাবলৈ ; I saw him at about 6 p.m.

iii) সম্পৰ্ক বুজাবলৈ; I don’t know anything about the case.

iv) চাৰিওফালে বুজাবলৈ ; He looked and about for some food.

🔺Against : i) খুন্দা মৰা বুজাবলৈ; The car dashed against the wall.

ii) বিৰুদ্ধে বুজাবলৈ; He does nothing against our will.

🔺Above:- i) অতি উচ্চতা বুজাবলৈ; His Conduct is Above Suspicion

ii) অধিক বুজাবলৈ; I value reading above playing games.

🔺 At : i) নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময় বুজাবলৈ; I met him at 6 o’clock.

ii) মূল্য বুজাবলৈ ; The book sells at 50 rupees.

iii) সৰু ঠাই বুজবলৈ; My uncle lives at Gauripur

iv) লক্ষ্যস্থান বুজাবলৈ; They arrived at the station.

🔺 For :

i) কাৰণ বুজাবলৈ; He was rewarded for his success.

ii) স্বত্তেও অৰ্থ বুজাবলৈ ; For all his wealth, he was not happy

iii) উদ্দেশ্য বুজাবলৈ; We work for money.

🔺 From : i) উৎপত্তি স্থল বুজাবলৈ; Flowers fell from trees.

ii)কাৰণে বুজাবলৈ; He is weak for hunger.

iii) বস্তু এটা যিহেৰে তৈয়াৰী সেই পদাৰ্থটো বস্তুটো বনোৱাৰ পিছত দেখা নাপালে from হয় ।

Preposition Exercise :

H.S.L.C previous year’s Preposition solutions:

1. The tiger sprang_____ the buffaloes.

2.Your conduct calls_____ an explanation.

3. The cat used to sleep ______the corner of the kitchen.

4. The cows were grazing______ the field.

5. I shall do it ______ pleasure.

6. Tigers live____ flesh.

7. Smoking is bad_____ lungs.

8. Mohan was born______ 10th January, 1996.

9. You should apply ______that post (to/for/an) [1991]

10. She writes ____her left hand. (With/by/to) [1991]

11.She sent the letter _____hand. (with/by/in) [1992]

12.You should write your answer _____ink. (with/by/in) [1992]

13. Ravi is _______John and Abdul. (between/among/across). [1993]

14. He goes for a walk _____ the morning: (at/in/on)[1993]

15. He died _____ the accident. (at/by/in). [1994]

16. He goes to school _____ bus, (by/at/of) [1994]

17.I cannot agree____ your suggestion (with/in/to)[1995]

18. Tobacco is injurious ___ health. (for/to/on) [1995]

19. His father died – malaria. (in/from/of) [1995(R)]

20.Write your answers - ink. (by/with/in) [1995(R)]

21.She gets up ____ dawn. (in/at/by)[1995(R)]

22. The poor man died ____cancer. (of/from/in) [1996]

23. I wrote the note ____ ink. (with/in/by) [1996]

24. I shall look ______the complaint. (for/about/into) [1997]

25. I cannot part ______ this book. (with/from/of) [1997]

26. My neighbour was envious ______- me. (of/at/for) [1997(R)]

27. The principal will preside ________the meeting. (at/in/over) [1997(R)]

28.Do not boast ________yourwealth. (of/in/for) [1997(R)]

29.He often suffers _______ illness. (in/from/with) 1998

30. Shoes are made______ leather. (of/for/by) *1998

31.The students were sitting _____ their desks. (by/in/at). [1998(R)]

32. I was quite surprised ______ his behavior. (by/at/for)

33. I have no sympathy _______ such a man. ( to/for/with)

34.The blind man lives _____ begging. (by/with/on) [1999]

35. He sent the letter _____ hand. (by/with/in)[1999]

36. Do you agree_____ my proposal? (to/at/with) [1999(R)]

37. I have no aptitude _____ music. (in/of/for) 1999(R)

38. I had every opportunity _______ stealing his money. (to/of/ for)

39. Most wild animals live _______ flesh. (by/with/on)[2000(R)]

Answers :

1.upon(2) for (3) at (4)in

(5) with (6) on (7) for (8)on

(9) for(10) with (11) by (12) in

(13) between (14) in (15) in (16)by

(17) to(18)to(19) of (20) in

(21)at (22) of (23) in (24) into

(25) with(26) of (27) over (28) of

(29) from(30) of (31) at (32) at

(33) for(34) by (35) by (36) to

(37) for (38) of (39) on

Translation In Assamese click here

Voice Change in Assamese click here

Sentences – বাক‍্য

June 8, 2021 by Souvik Leave a Comment

🔹What is a sentence? ( বাক্য কি )

Ans:- বাক্য হৈছে বক্তাৰ ইচ্ছা বা উদ্দেশ্য প্ৰকাশৰ বাহন । আমাৰ মনৰ কোনো এটা ভাৱ সম্পূৰ্ণকৈ প্ৰকাশ কৰিবৰ কাৰণে কিছুমান word ৰ প্ৰয়োজন হয় ; এই word বিলাক একেলগে বহি সম্পূৰ্ণ অৰ্থ প্ৰকাশ কৰিলে তাক Sentence বুলি কোৱা হয় ।

🔹How many types of sentences are there? ( বাক্য কেই প্ৰকাৰৰ আৰু কি কি? )

Ans:- বক্তাৰ ইচ্ছা, উদ্দেশ্য অনুসৰি বাক্যবোৰক সাধাৰণতে পাঁচ ধৰণে ভাগ কৰিব পাৰি । সেইবোৰ হল – 1. Assertive Sentence 2. Interrogative Sentence. 3. Imperative Sentence. 4. Optative Sentence 5. Exclamatory Sentence

🔹What is Assertive Sentence? ( বৰ্ণনাত্মক বাক্য কাক বোলা হয় ?)

Ans’- যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এক ঘটনা বিশেষৰ বৰ্ণনা দাঙি ধৰে সেইবোৰক Assertive Sentence বোলা হয় । Assertive Sentence ক Declarative Sentence বুলিও কব পাৰি । এইবোৰ বাক্যৰ শেষত সম্পূৰ্ণ বিৰাম চিন (.) Full stop বহে ।. এই Sentence বিধে ব্যাক্তি , বস্তু , ঠাই, অবস্থা, কাৰ্য, ইত্যাদি বৰ্ণনা কৰে । যেনে- She is beautiful. This is a book. Blood is red.

🔹 What is Interrogative Sentence? ( প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্য )

Ans:- এই বিধ sentence এ প্ৰশ্ন সোধে । ইহঁতক সেইবাবে Question ও বোলে । Interrogative sentences ত subject বোৰ Verb ৰ পিছত বহে । Sentence ৰ শেষত Question Mark ব্যাবহাৰ কৰা হয় ।। যেনে- What is your name? Is he a good boy?

🔹What is Imperative Sentence? ( আদেশ, অনুৰোধ, উপদেশমূলক বাক্য )

Ans:- যিবোৰ বাক্যৰ দ্বাৰা আদেশ (order) অনুৰোধ (request) উপদেশ (advice) দিয়া বুজায় সেইবোৰক Imperative Sentence বোলে ।.

যেনে- Go there ( order);. Do not tell a lie( advice). please come here. (Request)

🔹 What is Optative Sentence ? ( ইচ্ছা বা আশীৰ্বাদ )

Ans:- যিবোৰ বাক্যৰ দ্বাৰা মনৰ ইচ্ছা, অভিলাশা , প্রার্থনা, আশীৰ্বাদ, আদি প্ৰকাশ কৰে সেই ধৰণৰ বাক্যক Optative Sentence বোলা হয় । এই ধৰণৰ বাক্য সাধাৰণতে May ৰে আৰম্ভ হয় । যেনে- May he live ling. May God help you.

🔹What is Exclamatory Sentence ? ( আবেগ বা বিস্ময়সূচক বাক্য )

Ans:- এইবিধ sentence এ আমাৰ মনৰ আনন্দ, দূঃখ, আবেগ, উত্তেজনা আদি প্রকাশ কৰে । যেনে- Hurrah! we have won the game. Alas! He is no more. How lovely the girl is?

Voice Change in Assamese click here

Translation In Assamese click here

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Conjunction

June 3, 2021 by Souvik Leave a Comment

A conjunction is a connecting word. It is a word which is used to join words or sentences together.

যিবোৰ শব্দ দুটা শব্দ বা বাক্যক সংযুক্ত কৰে সেই শব্দ বোৰক conjunction বোলা হয় ।

যেনে- The boy wrote his answers clearly and legibly. Do you like an orange or an apple? God made the country but man made the town.

লক্ষ্য কৰা যে; ওপৰৰ বাক্য বোৰত ‘and’ , ‘or’, ‘but’, দুটা শব্দ নাইবা বাক্যক সংযুক্ত কৰিছে ।

🔘Kinds of Conjunction :

Conjunction বোৰক তিনি শ্ৰেণীত ভাগ কৰা হয় । যেনে- 1. Co-ordinating Conjunctions. 2. Correlation Conjunction. 3. Subordinating Conjunctions

Voice Change in Assamese

April 16, 2021 by Pubali Patgiri 2 Comments

An action of a subject in relation to an object is expressed in two ways two called Voice.

👉 I write a letter.
👉 A letter is written by me.
ওপৰৰ Sentence দুটাই একে অৰ্থকেই প্ৰকাশ কৰিছে । কিন্তু সিহঁতৰ আকাৰ বা form বেলেগ । একে অৰ্থকেই বুজাবৰ বাবে sentence ৰ যি দুইৰকমৰ আকাৰ বা form হয়, তাকেই voice বা বাচ্য বোলে ।

Voice can be categorized into two categories-

• Active Voice

• Passive Voice

• Active Voice :-

In most English sentences with an action verb, the subject performs the action denoted by the verb. These examples show that the subject is doing Example she verb’s action.

Structure: Subject + verb + object

Example :

1) The cat killed a rat. (মেকুৰীটোৱে এটা এন্দুৰ মাৰি ছিল।)

ওপৰৰ sentence টোৰ ‘cat’ ‘doer of the action’ and ‘rat’ receiver of the action.ইয়াত কৰাটোৱেই পোনপটীয়াকৈ কামটো কৰিছে।গতিকে ই সক্ৰিয় (active) হৈ আছে।

যিবোৰ sentence ৰ doer of the action সক্ৰিয় সেইবোৰ sentence ৰ verb Active Voice ত হয়। ওপৰৰ প্ৰথম sentenceটোৰ ‘killed’verb টো active voiceত আছে।

• Passive voice:

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Structure:Object + be verb + verb of past participle+ by+ subject

Example :

A rat was killed by the cat. (মেকুৰী টোৰ দ্বাৰা এটা এন্দুৰ মাৰাঠী হৈছিল।)

Sentence ত receiver of the action ৰ ওপৰত গুৰুত্ব দিয়া হৈছে। ইয়াক object ৰ পৰা আনি subject হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হৈছে। প্ৰথম sentenceৰ subject’cat’ ইয়াত passive ত আছে। ই ‘by‘ preposition ৰ object ৰূপে ব্যৱহৃত হৈছে

Active voice ক passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়মসমুহ :-

Rule 1.

a) Active voice ৰ subject টো passive voice ৰ object হৈ যায়।
b) Active voice ৰ objectহৈ টো passive voice ত subject লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ হয়।
C) Main verb ৰ past participle হয় আৰু subject আৰু tense অনুসৰি auxiliary verb/be verb হয়।

Rule 2.

Indefinite tense:
a) Present indefinite – am, is, are.
b) Past indefinite was, were
c) Future indefinite – shall be, will be.

Continuous tense
a) Present Continuous- am being, is being, are being.
b) Past Continuous was being, were being
c) Future Continuous shall be being, will be being.

Perfect tense
a) Present Perfect- has been, have been.
b) Past Perfect- had been.
c) Future Perfect- shall have been, will have been.

Rule 3:
a) Present indefinite tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:-

Structure : Object change into subject +am/is/are +v3+ by + subject change into object.
Active-He loves me.
Passive- I am loved by him.
Active- we eat rice.
Passive- Rice is eaten by us.

b) Present continuous tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:-
Structure: Object change into subject + am being/is being/are being +v 3+ by +subject change into object.
Active: I am writing a letter.
Passive: A letter is being written by me.
Active: He is doing the sum
Passive: The sum is being done by him.

c) Present perfect tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:-

Structure: Object change into subject + have been/ has been + v3+ by+Subject change into object.
Active: He has eaten rice.
Passive: Rice has been eaten by him.
Active:I have played football.
Passive: Football has been played by me.

d) Past indefinite tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম :-
Structure: Object change into subject + was/were+v3+ by + subject change into object
Active: I ate a mango.
Passive: A mango was eaten by me.
Active: we caught the thief.
Passive: The thief was caught by us.

e) Past continuous tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:-

Structure: Object change into subject + was being/were being + v3+ by + subject change into object.

Active: I was doing the work.

Passive: The work was being done by me.

Active: They were helping us.

Passive: we were being helped by them.

f) Past perfect tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:-

Structure: Object change into subject +had been + v3+ by +subject change into object.

Active: I had lost the ring.

Passive: The ring had been lost by me.

Active: we had dug the cannel.

Passive: The cannel had been dug by us.

g)Future indefinite tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম :-
Structure:

Object change into Subject + shall be/will be +
v3+ by + subject change into object.

Active:I shall learn the lesson.
Passive: The lesson will be learnt by me.
Active: Everyone will blame us for this
Passive: we shall be blamed for this by everyone.

h) Future continuous tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:–
Structure:
Object change into subject + shall be being/will be being +v3+ by + subject change into object.
Active: I will be eating rice.
Passive: Rice will be being eaten by me.
Active: They will be playing football.
Passive: Football will be being

i) Future perfect tense ৰ active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম:-
Structure:
Object change into subject + shall have been /will have been+v3+ by + subject change into object.
Active: I will have read the novel.
Passive: The novel will have been read by me.
Active: They will have caught the fish.
Passive: The fish will have been caught by them.

Passive voice ত কেতিয়াবা ” by ” Preposition ৰ পৰিবৰ্তে ” to”,”With”, “at” Preposition হয়।
Examples:- Active-I know him.

Passive-He is known to me.

Active-we pleased him.

Passive- He was pleased with us.

Active-Your conduct surprised me.

Passive-I was surprised at your conduct.

Rule 4:
May, might, can, could, must, ought to, going to থাকিলে active voice ৰ পৰা passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়ম-

Structure:
Object change into subject + may, might, can, could, must,ought to, going to+be + V3+ by + subject change into object.
Active:I may help you.
Passive: you may be helped by me.

Active: you must do the work. Passive: The work must be done by you

Active: we ought to obey our teachers. Passive:our teachers ought to be obeyed by us.

Active: we are going to open a shop.
Passive: A shop is going to be opened by us.

Rule 5

Retained object (active voice ৰ object টো passive voice তো object হৈ থাকে)Give, teach, ask, fill, buy, promise আদি transitive verb ৰ দুটা object থাকে। passive voice কৰোঁতে এটা subject হয় আৰু আনটো object হৈ থাকে।

Examples– Active-Rima gave me a pen(retained object)

Passive-I was given a pen by Rima Or A pen was given me by Rima.

Rule 6

Ommission of the agent:কিছুমান sentence ৰ object টোৰ শেষত doer of the action উল্লেখ নাথাকিলেও object ক প্রাধান্য দি অৰ্থ পূর্ণ subject ব্যৱহৃত হয়।

Examples:

Active-people call him Mahatma. Passive-He is called Mahatma.

Active-I lost the money. Passive– The money was lost.

N.B : যিবোৰ Active Voice ত doer of the action ৰ প্রাধান্য কম সেইবোৰ Passive Voice ত doer of the action ৰ উল্লেখ নকৰিলেও হয়।

Rule 7 Imperative sentence ৰ verb ক passive voice লৈ নিবলৈ হলে sentence ৰ আৰম্ভণিতে ‘let’ বহুৱাব লাগে।

Examples – Active-Do this sum. Passive-Let this sum be done. Active-send for the doctor. Passive-Let the doctor be sent for.

কেতিয়াবা let নবহাকৈ passive voice কৰা হয়।

Active-please sing a song. Passive-You are requested to sing a song.

Rule 8 Passive voice of Interrogative sentence:

Active– What are you doing? Passive-what is being done by you?

Active-Who broke the glass? Passive-By whom was the glass broken?

Active-Did he eat the mango? Passive-Was the mango eaten by him?

Rule 9 Quasi passive verbs : কিছুমান transitive verbs দেখাতে active voice ত থাকে কিন্তু ইহতেশামুল passive voice ৰ অৰ্থ প্ৰকাশ কৰে। এইবোৰেই quasi passive verb.

Examples: Active-Honey tests sweet. Passive– honey is sweet when it is tested.

Active– The rose smells sweet. Passive-The rose is sweet when it is smelt.

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Tense

March 3, 2021 by Pubali Patgiri Leave a Comment

Tense is a form of a verb that shows if something happens in the past, present or future.

1.He writes a letter to my mother.
2.He wrote a letter to my sister.
3.He will write a letter to my father.

In sentence 1.the verb write refers the Present time. In sentence 2.the verb wrote refers the past time. In sentence 3.the verb will write refers the future time.

Therefore, verb may refers to
1. Present time
2. Past time
3. Future time.

BASIC TENSE CHART

Tense	Simple(indefinite)	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
PRESENT	Subject+verb(base form or with “es”)+object	Subject+am/is/are+(verb first form + ing ) +object/compliment	Subject+has/have+pat participle of (3rd form ) +object/compliment	Subject+have been/has been+(verb 1st form+ing)+since/for+time reference
PAST	Subject+verb 2nd form+object	Subject+was/were+verb 1st form+ing+object	1.Subject+had past participle form of verb 3rd form)+object,Before,sub+verb simple past form+object 2.After+subject+had+past participle form of verb+object,Subject+verb simple past form+object	Subject+had been+verb 1st form+ing+object+for/since+time reference
FUTURE	Subject+shall/will+verb 1st form+object	Subject+will/shall+be+verb 1st form+ing+object	Subject+will/shall+have+verb 3rd form+object	Subject+will/shall+have been+verb 1st form+ing+object+for/since+time+reference

FORMULAS

PRESENT TENSE

Sentences	Simple(indefinite)	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Affirmative	Subject+verb(base form or with es)+object	Subject+am/is/are+(verb 1st form+ing)+object+compliment	Subject+have/has+past participle of verb(3rd form)	Subject+have been/has been+(verb 1st form+ing)+since/for+time
Negative	Subject+do/does+not+verb 1st form+object	Subject+am/is/are+not+(verb 1st form+ing)+object	Subject+has/have+not+past particle of verb(verb 3rd form)	Subject+has not been/have not been+(verb 1st form+ing)+since/for+time
Interrogative	Do/does+subject+verb 1st form+object	Is/am/are+subject+(verb 1st form +ing)+object	Has/have+subject+past participle of verb(3rd form)	Has/have+subject+been+(verb 1st form+ing)+since/for+time

PAST TENSE

Sentences	Simple(indefinite)	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Affirmative	Subject+verb 2nd form+object	Subject+was/were+verb(1st form)+ing+object	1.Subject+had+past participle form of verb(3rd form)+object,before,sub+verb simple past form+object 2.After+subject+had+past participle form of verb+object,Subject+verb simple past form+object	Subject+had +been+verb(1st form)+ing+object+for/since+time
Negative	Subject+did not+verb 1st form+object	Subject+was not/were not+verb( 1st form)+ing+object	Subject+had not+past participle form of verb(3rd form)+object,Before,Sub+verb past simple form+object	Subject+had+not+been+verb(1st form)+ing+object+for/since+time
Interrogative	Did+subject+verb 1st form+object	Was/were+subject+(verb 1st form)+ing+object	Had+subject+past participle of verb+object,Before,Sub+verb simple past form+object	Had+subject+been+(verb 1st form)+ing+since/for+time

FUTURE TENSE

Sentences	Simple(indefinite)	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Affirmative	Subject+will/shall+verb 1st form+object	Subject+will/shall+be+verb 1st form+ing+object	Subject+will/shall+have+verb(3rd form)+object	Subject+will/shall+have been+verb(1st form)+ing+object+for/since+time
Negative	Subject+will not/shall not+verb 1st form+object	Subject+will/shall+not+be+verb(1st form)+ing+object	Subject+will/shall+not+have+been+verb(3rd form)+object	Subject+will/shall+not+have+been+(verb 1st form)+ing+object+for/since+time
Interrogative	Will/shall+subject+verb(1st form)+object	Will/shall+subject+be+verb(1st form)+ing+object	Will/shall+subject+have+verb(3rd form)+object	Will/shall+subject+have been+verb(1st form)+ing+object+for/since+time

• A verb that refers to present time is said to be in the Present tense; as,He writes.
• A verb that refers to past time is said to be in the Past tense; as,He wrote.
• A verb that refers to future time is said to be in the Future tense; as,He will write.

Thus there are three main Tenses:The Present, the Past, the Future The Tense of a Verb shows the time of an action or event.

The Use of Tenses :

• The simple present tense is used

1. To express Habitual Action ; I go to school everyday . He works hard.

2. To express Universal Truth ; Honey is sweet. The earth moves round the sun.

3. To express planned future event ; He leaves for guwahati tomorrow. She comes here on Sunday next.

4. To express ownership ; He owns a Mercedes. I hold a powerful post.

5. To express historical events/ facts ; Alexander now rushes upon the enemy. India becomes free in 1947 .

6. To express quotations ; Shakespeare says, “Neither a borrower nor a lender be .” Gray says, “Let not ambition mock their useful toil. “

7. To express newspaper headlines ;

8. To begin Imperative sentences ; Help the poor. Always speak truth.

9.Simple Present is used for following verbs instead of Present continuous;

• Verbs of Perception: smell, see, notice, hear etc. *Verbs of Possession: belong, contain, own,possess, consists of etc. • Verbs of Appearing: seem, look etc. Verbs of Emotion: refuse, hate, hope, wish, like etc. •Verbs of Thinking: agree, suppose, forget,imagine, remember etc.

Examples:

1. She is looking happy. (Wrong)

= She looks happy. (Correct)

2.My daughter is liking apples .(wrong)

= My daughter likes apples. (Correct)

3. l am thinking he is not honest. (Wrong)

= I think he is not honest. (correct)

10.Imperative sentences start from Do not Do not make a noise.

●Structure of Affirmative sentences :Subject+Verb(base form or with es) + Object Rima reads book. Amit plays at park. Priyanka speaks truth.

●Structure of Interrogative sentences :Do/Does+Object/Compliment Do you watch news daily? Does he attend classes regularly?

●Structure of Negative sentences : Subject+do/does+not +Verb(First Form) +Object/Compliment He does not take alcohol.

• The Present Continuous is used ;

1.For an action going on at the time of speaking: The boys are playing football.

2.For a temporary action: I am reading a novel. (but I am not reading at this moment) Delhi is facing electricity problem these days.

3.For an action that has already been arranged to take place in the near future: l am going to write a letter to my friend.

4.To express actions in progress, but not necessarily at the time of speaking. I am writing a novel these days.

● Structure of Affirmative Sentences:Subject+am/is/are+(Verb first form+ing)+object/compliment l am singing a song.

●Structure of Interrogative Sentences:am/is/are +Subject +(Verb first form+ing)+object/compliment Am I singing a song?

●Structure of Negative Sentences:Subject+is/am/are+not+(Verb first form+ing)+object/compliment
Example: I am not singing a song.

• The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link
between the present and the past.

1.An action or situation that was started in
the past and continues in the present;
We have lived here since 1996.

2.An action that was completed in the very
recent past, expressed by just I have just finished my road trip.

3.A repeated action in an unspecified period
between the past and nown;
We have visited Manali several times.4.To express news of recent events;
Rupee has fallen against dollar.

• Structure of Affirmative sentences: Subject +has/have + Past participle of verb
I have travelled.

Structures of Negative sentences: Subject +has/have not + Past participle of verb I have not travelled.

Structure of Interrogative sentences:Has/have +Subject +Past participle of verb
Have I travelled?

The Present Perfect Continuous is used to expess a continued or on-going action that started in past and is continued till now.

Use of for and since is there in this tense.
• Use of for: “for” is used before uncertain

time. She has been listening songs for 2 hours.
• Use of Since: “Since”is used for certain time.
She has been living in United States of
America Since 1998.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentences:
Subject +has been/have been +(Verb 1st
form + ing)+Since/for +time reference
She has been living in USA for five years.

• Structure of Interrogative Sentences:
has/Have +Subject+ been +(Verb 1st form+ing)+Since/for +time reference
Has she been living in USA for five years?

• Structure of Negative Sentences:
Subject +has not been/have not been +(Verb 1St form +ing)+ Since/for +time reference
She has not been living in USA for five years.

The Simple Past tense is used to express an action that is just
completed or just happened.

Time of action
is not specified but it makes a sense that
action is just completed.

Important Uses of simple past tense:

1.Use with “when” and “While“
While I spoke, they dozed.
When I lived in Delhi, I generally travelled by bus.

2.Use with “till“, “until“, “as soon as” and “before“
As soon as I finished the novel, my father arrived.
waited him till it got dark.

3.Use with “wish“
wish I were a Queen.

• Structure of Affirmative sentences Subject +Verb 2nd form+ Object
She loved.

• Structure of Interrogative sentences
Did +Subject+ Verb 1st form+ Object
Did she love?

• Structure of Negative sentences:
Subject +did not + Verb 1St form+Object She did not love.

The Past Continuous is used to express an on-going nature or
continued action till a certain time in past. It is used to talk about a continuing action at a particular time in the past.If starting time of the action is given and
actions remain continued, the Past Continuous Tense becomes Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentence
Subject + Was/Were + Verb (lst form) + ing+Object +(others)
I was playing cricket.

• Structure of Negative Sentence :
Subject + Was not/Were not + Verb (lst form)+ing +Object+ (others)
I was not playing cricket.

The Past Perfect Tense refers to something
that occurred in the past, before another
action in the past.
He had jumped into the water before she told
him how cold it was. It is also used to express unfulfilled wish:If I had requested him, he could have helped me.

• Structure of Affirmative sentences; Subject +had +past participle form of verb+object, before, sub+ verb past simple form+ object
She had loved me before we broke up.

After+ Subject +had +past participle form
of verb+ object, Subject +Verb past simple
form + object
After I had taken my breakfast, I went to
school.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express a continued or on going action that
started in past and is continued until
sometime in past. There will always a time reference like for a few days, for few months, for 7 years, since Wednesday, since
2013, since January etc. If there is no time
reference, then it is not a Past perfect
continuous tense. Without time reference, it
is Past Continuous Tense.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentences:
Subject + had + been + Verb (lst form) + ing +Object + For/Since + Time+Remaining
He had been playing cricket since 1987

• Structure of Negative Sentences:
Subject+ had + Not + been + Verb (lst form)+ing + Object + For/Since + Time +
Remaining
He had not been playing cricket since 1987.

The Simple Future is used to express an action which has not
occurred/happened yet and will
occur/happen after sometime in future.

General Uses:

1. To express Natural/habitual actions in the future.
Winter will come in December.
2. To express offer/Invitation and Suggestion:
Shall I sing a song for you?
3. To express Imagination;
I think he will be the next president of India.
4. To express Intention and strong probability : I am going to buy a motor car. It is going to rain today.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentences:
Subject +will/shall +verb first form + object
Namita will dance.

• Structure of Interrogative sentences; will/shall+subject+verb first form+object will Namita dance?

• Structure of Negative sentences ; Subject+shall/will+not+verb first form+ object Namita will not dance.

The Future Continuous tense is used to express an ongoing or continued
action in future.
General Uses:
1. To express Imaginations;
He will be playing.
2.To expresss plans:
She will be waiting for me.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentences:
Subject + Will/Shall+ Be + Verb (Ist form) +ing +Object
She will be playing.

• Structure of Negative Sentences:
Subject + Will/Shall + Not Be + Verb (lst
form)+Ing + Object
She will not be playing.

The Future Perfect is used to express an action which will
happen/occur in future and will be completed
by a certain time of future or by the
end/completion of some action in future.

General Uses:
1.To express actions to be completed by a certain time He will have done the work before we return home.
2.To express assumptions:
You will have heard the name of Steve Jobs.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentences: Subject+ Will/Shall+ Have + Verb (3rd form)+Object
Tina will have taken the dinner.

• Structure of Negative Sentences: Subject + Will/Shall+ Not + Have +Verb (3rd
form) +Object Tina will not have taken the dinner

Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express a continued or ongoing action that will commence at a fix time or in future and will continue for some time in future.

• Structure of Affirmative Sentences:
Subject +Will/Shall+ Have been + Verb (Ist
form)+ Ing+Object + For/Since + Time+
Remaining
Priya will have been watching television
since morning.

• Structure of Negative Sentences:
Subject + Will/Shall + Not+ Have been+ Verb(lst form) + Ing + Object + For/Since+Time Priya will have not been watching
television since morning.

English Grammar

Answers

Basic Formulas of Voice Change

SEBA HSLC Class 10 Voice Change of Last 23 Years’ Solved

50 Additional Practice Questions

💡Shall/ Will -ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ:-

💡Should/ Would ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ –

💡 Can/ Could ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ –

💡 May / Might ব্যাবহাৰ শিকক-

💡 Must ৰ ব্যাবহাৰ-

🔘 Kinds of Prepositions:

🔘 Uses of some important Prepositions:

H.S.L.C previous year’s Preposition solutions:

🔹What is a sentence? ( বাক্য কি )

🔹How many types of sentences are there? ( বাক্য কেই প্ৰকাৰৰ আৰু কি কি? )

🔹What is Assertive Sentence? ( বৰ্ণনাত্মক বাক্য কাক বোলা হয় ?)

🔹 What is Interrogative Sentence? ( প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্য )

🔹What is Imperative Sentence? ( আদেশ, অনুৰোধ, উপদেশমূলক বাক্য )

🔹 What is Optative Sentence ? ( ইচ্ছা বা আশীৰ্বাদ )

🔹What is Exclamatory Sentence ? ( আবেগ বা বিস্ময়সূচক বাক্য )

🔘Kinds of Conjunction :

• Active Voice :-

• Passive voice:

Active voice ক passive voice লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰাৰ নিয়মসমুহ :-

Tense is a form of a verb that shows if something happens in the past, present or future.

PRESENT TENSE

PAST TENSE

FUTURE TENSE

The Use of Tenses :

• The simple present tense is used

Examples:

1. She is looking happy. (Wrong)

= She looks happy. (Correct)

2.My daughter is liking apples .(wrong)

= My daughter likes apples. (Correct)

3. l am thinking he is not honest. (Wrong)

• The Present Continuous is used ;

● Structure of Affirmative Sentences:Subject+am/is/are+(Verb first form+ing)+object/compliment l am singing a song.

• The Present Perfect is used to indicate a linkbetween the present and the past.

The Present Perfect Continuous is used to expess a continued or on-going action that started in past and is continued till now.

The Simple Past tense is used to express an action that is justcompleted or just happened.

Voice change in Assamese click here

Translation In Assamese click here

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• The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link
between the present and the past.

The Simple Past tense is used to express an action that is just
completed or just happened.