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English Essay

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

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Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay 

 

• Bankim Chandra Chatterjee or Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (1838 – 1894) was an Indian novelist, poet and journalist.

• He is known as Sahitya Samrat (Emperor of Literature) in Bengali. He wrote fourteen novels and many serious, serio-comic, satirical, scientific and critical treatises in Bengali.

• He also received the title of Rai Bahadur in 1891.

• One of his brothers, Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay was also a novelist and is known for his book “Palamau”.

 

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay/ assamstudyhub.com

Literary career:-

• Chattopadhyay’s earliest publications were in Ishwar Chandra Gupta’s weekly newspaper Sangbad Prabhakar.

• Durgeshnandini (Daughter of the Feudal Lord) is a Bengali historical romance novel written by Indian writer Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1865. Durgeshnandini is the first Bengali novel written by him as well as the first major Bengali novel in the history of Bengali literature.

• Anandamath is a Bengali fiction, written by him and published in 1882. It is inspired by and set in the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion in the late 18th century. Vande Mataram as the Motherland was published in this novel.

• Vande Mataram (also pronounced Bande Mataram) is a Bengali poem, written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee , originally in Sanskrit, in 1870s, which he included in his 1882 novel Anandamath.

● Died in – 8 April 1894 (aged 55)
Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)

 

 

 

Read Also : – Gmail in hindi

Ancient Assam || History of Assam || Medieval Assam

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Ancient Assam

🔹 350 Pushya Varman establishes the Varman dynasty in Kamarupa.

🔹 594 Kumar Bhaskar Varman became the king of Kamrupa.

🔹 636 Chinese Buddhist scholar/traveler Xuanzang visits the court of Bhaskar Varman in Kamarupa.

🔹 650 Kumar Bhaskar Varman Dies. End of the great Varman Dynasty.

 

 

Read Also :- 101 Assam gk

Ancient Assam || History of Assam || Medieval Assam
Ancient Assam || History of Assam || Medieval Assam

Medieval Assam

🔹 1185 Prithu establishes the Khen dynasty and the Kamata kingdom.*

🔹 1187 Birpal establishes Chutiya kingdom in Sadiya

🔹 1206 Muslims first attack Assam.

🔹 1228 First Ahom king Sukafa enters Assam.

🔹 1252 Sukafa establishes first Ahom capital in Charaideo.

🔹 1449 Srimanta Sankardev is born.

🔹 1490 First Ahom-Kachari battle.

🔹 1498 Alauddin Hussain Shah of Gaur removes the last Khen ruler of Kamata kingdom.

🔹 1515 Viswa Singha establishes Koch political power and Koch dynasty.

🔹 1522 Chutiya kingdom annexed to Ahom Kingdom under Suhungmung

🔹 1527 Nusrat Shah’s invasion, the first Muslim invasion of the Ahom kingdom, ends in failure.

🔹 1532 Turbak attacks Ahom Kingdom, the first commander to enjoy some success.

🔹 1533 Turbak defeated and killed. Ahoms pursue Gaurarmy to Karatoya River & 1536 Ahoms destroy Dimapur, the capital of the Kachari kingdom.

🔹 1539 Ahom king establishes capital in Gargaon.

🔹 1540 Nara Narayan succeeds his father to the throne of Kamata kingdom.

 

 

Read Also :- Preposition in Assamese

 

 

 

Modern Assam

🔹 1830 The first freedom fighter of Assam, Piyoli Phukanis hanged.

🔹 1837 Bangla is made official language of Assam by British creating controversy.

🔹 1843 Sivasagar sees first High school of Assam.

🔹 1853 A giant asteroid strikes the Brahmaputra River.

🔹 1858 Famous freedom fighter Maniram Dewan is hanged.

🔹 1861 Phulaguri Dhawa, the first peasant uprising against British rule was repressed.

🔹 1865 Assam gets Telegraph and telephone connections.

🔹 1873 Assamese becomes official language again.

🔹 1874 Assam is separated from Bengal and becomes an independent state.

🔹 1889 First publication of Assamese magazine Junaki’.

🔹 1894 Patharughat raijmel fired upon, villagers tortured and property confiscated.+

🔹 1897 Assam witnesses a devasting earthquake killing thousands of people

🔹 1900 Tea research center is established in Tukulai,Jorhat

🔹 1901 Cotton is established in Gauhati. Asia’s first Oil refinery is established in Digboi.& 1917 First meeting of Assam Sahitya Sabha.

🔹 1921 Mahatma Gandhi visits Assam.

 

Read Also :- Bihu In Hindi

 

Read Also :- Gmail in Hindi

Importance of Religion

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Importance of Religion

 

धर्म का महत्व || What is the importance of religion in our life
धर्म का महत्व || What is the importance of religion in our life

Importance of religion is too great to be measured. It strengthens our belief in the Almighty, to which most of us call God. Ihat hidden power is present everywhere. It is our strong belief in God which has helped us throughout the times immemorial.

People have lived and died for their religion. This shows their deep love and regard for their
respective religions. India iS a religious country. Here, every object of nature is worshiped. The rivers, the trees and the stone-idols are worshiped. People visit temples, churches and mosques.
They offer their prayers to their respective deities. Their devotion is unquestionable. Our life is very much influenced by our religion.

 

 

READ ALSO – धर्म का महत्व IN HINDI

The parents teach their children the importance of the religion. The schools start with assembly
prayer to the Almighty. Moral science is a subject which is taught in many schools. It develops good values of life. We imbibe sympathy, kindness, compassion, love in the purest form and Droad-mindedness. The religions of the world teach us love and brotherhood.

we should not fight for the sake of religion. We know for certain that Rama and Rahim are the Same. The paths may be different but final goal is the same. All religions are great and worthy of Our devotion. All places of worship give us one message that – all of us are children of Almighty, let us live in peace. Let us live and let others live in love and harmony.

 

 

READ ALSO – TRANSLATION 

History of Chipko Movement || Its Achievements

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History of Chipko Movement

 

History-Chipko Movement The word Chipko means, ‘to stick’ or ‘to hug’.The Chipko movement was a non-violent protest against the rapid deforestation. This event took place on 26th March 1973.Mass level of deforestation had started taking place in areas of Uttarakhand which resulted in such kind of an unusual protest.Earlier such kind of protest was witnessed in the 1730 A.D. where 363 Rajasthani villagers died while saving Khejri trees. This might be the inspiration for the Chipko Movement of 1973.History of Chipko Movement || Its Achievements

 

  • চিপকো আন্দোলন ।। Chipko movement 26 March – click here

Chipko Movement- Why it Started ?

  1. Due to rapid urban development projects
    like construction of dams & roads, a large
    number of trees were being cut down in Uttarakhand.
  2. The goal of this mass environmental
    movement was to draw attention & prevent deforestation.
  3. This movement followed Gandhian philosophy of peaceful resistance.It was an uprising against the people
  4. destroying ecological balance.
  5. Chipko Andolan can also be called as an ‘eco-feminism’ movement. History of Chipko Movement || Its Achievements

 

Also Read- Rath Yatra in Hindi

 

Chipko Movement – Who Participated ?

  1. The biggest participants in this movement were women.
  2. Women are the backbone of the agrarian
    community, hence it was necessary that
    women stand up against the deforestation.
  3. Apart from women, the mass protest was
    lead by Sundarlal Bahuguna & Chandi Prasad
    Bhatt.
  4. Chandi Prasad Bhatt won the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1982 followed by
    Sundarlal Bahuguna won the Padma Vibhushan Awards 2009.

 

Also Read- G-mail in hindi

চিপকো আন্দোলন ।। Chipko movement 26 March in Assamese
চিপকো আন্দোলন ।। Chipko movement 26 March

Chipko Movement – What are its
Achievements?

  1. The Chipko Movement won the fight in 1980 when the government banned the feeling of
    trees in the Himalayan forests for 15 years.
  2. This ban was later extended to the Western Ghats & Vindhyas.
  3. The Chipko Movement was of the first
    environmental movement which drew people’s
    attention to the ecological issues.
  4. Similar movements started taking place in
    various other areas, e.g. Appiko Movement in Karnataka State.

 

Read Also – Translation in Assamese