A proper noun is a name which refers only to a specific person, place, or thing and there is no common name for it. In written English, a proper noun always begins with capital letters.

Example:

Tezpur is my home town.(it refers to only one particular city),

Ram is my best friend. (Ram refers to a particular person),

He lives in India .(there is no other country named India; this name is fixed for only one country).

My birthday is in February. (February refers to a particular month)

◆Common Noun: (জাতিবাচক বিশেষ্য)

যি noun এ এটা প্ৰাণী বা বস্তুক বুজোৱাৰ লগতে গোটেই জাতিটোকেই বুজায় তেনে noun ক Common Noun বা জাতিবাচক বিশেষ্য বোলে।

A common noun is a name for something which is common for many things, person, or places. It encompasses a particular type of things, person, or places.

Example:

Country (it can refer to any country, nothing in particular),

city (it can refer to any city like Tezpur, Mumbai, Toronto, etc. but nothing in particular).

He is a fat Boy. (It can refer any boy but not mentioned the name of the boy particularly)

So, a common noun is a word that indicates a person, place, thing, etc. In general and a proper noun is a specific one of those.

◆Abstract Noun: (গুণবাচক বিশেষ্য)

যি noun এ কোনো ব্যাক্তি বা বস্তুৰ গুণ, কাৰ্য বা অৱস্থাক বুজায় তাক Abstract Noun বা গুণবাচক বিশেষ্য বোলে । ই সদায় uncountable.

An abstract noun names an idea,feeling,quality or characteristics.

These nouns stand for names of things that cannot be perceived by our senses of seeing, touching, smelling, hearing and tasting.

Example: Truth, lies, happiness, sorrow, time, friendship, humor, patriotism, etc.

Read the following examples:

His happiness knew no bound.

Sakshi loves her family very much.

The dove is a symbol of peace.

Sudha climbs the mountain bravely.

◆Concrete Noun / Material Noun: (বস্তুবাচক বিশেষ্য)

যি noun এ কোনো বস্তুৰ উপাদানক বুজায় তাক concrete noun / material noun বা বস্তুবাচক বিশেষ্য বোলে ।

A concrete noun is the exact opposite of abstract noun. It refers to the things we see and have physical existence.

Example: Chair, table, bat, ball, water, money, sugar, etc.

Read the following examples:

I love reading books. (See)

He is my best friend. (Touch)

◆Countable Noun: (হিচাব কৰিব পৰা বিশেষ্য পদ)

কিছুমান noun ক one,two,three, এনেদৰে হিচাব কৰিব বা গণিব পাৰি । এইবোৰ Countable Noun

The nouns that can be counted are called countable nouns. Countable nouns can take an article: a, an, the.

Example: Chair, table, bat, ball, etc. (you can say 1 chair, 2 chairs, 3 chairs – so chairs are countable)

◆Non-countable Noun: (হিচাব কৰিব নোৱাৰা বিশেষ্য)

কিছুমান noun আছে যিবোৰৰ one, two, three, many, few, a few, কৈ গণিব নোৱাৰি । সেইবোৰ Uncountable Noun.
Countable Noun ৰ আগত এটাক বুজাবলৈ a, an অথবা the ব্যাবহাৰ হয় । এটাতকৈ বেছিকে বুজাবলৈ Noun ৰ পাছত e, es যোগ কৰা হয় ।

ওপৰৰ উল্লেখিত বস্তুবোৰ সবিশেষ জানিবলৈ এই লিংকত ক্লিক কৰক

The nouns that cannot be counted are called non-countable nouns.

Example: Water, sugar, oil, salt, etc. (you cannot say “1 water, 2 water, 3 water” because water is not countable)

Abstract nouns and proper nouns are always non-countable nouns, but common nouns and concrete nouns can be both count and non-count nouns.

◆Collective Noun: (সমষ্টিবাচক বিশেষ্য)

যি noun এ একে জাতীয় বস্তু বা ব্যাক্তিৰ সমষ্টিক বুজায় তাক Collective Noun বা সমষ্টিবাচক বিশেষ্য বোলে ।

A collective noun is a word for a group of things, people, or animals of the same kind , spoken of as one whole.

Example: family, team, jury, cattle, etc.

Collective nouns can be both plural and singular. However, Americans prefer to use collective nouns as singular, but both of the uses are correct in other parts of the world.

Read the following examples:

A bouquet of flowers.

A bunch of keys.

A forest of trees.

A team of players.

A pride of lions.

◆Compound Noun:

Sometimes two or three nouns appear together, or even with other parts of speech, and create idiomatic compound nouns. Idiomatic means that those nouns behave as a unit and, to a lesser or greater degree, amount to more than the sum of their parts.

Example: six-pack, five-year-old, and son-in-law, snowball, mailbox, etc.

◆Functions of Nouns

Nouns can be used as a subject, a direct object, and an indirect object of a verb; as an object of a preposition; and as an adverb or adjective in sentences. Nouns can also show possession.

Subject: The company is doing great. Roses are the flowers of love.

Direct object: I finally bought a new mobile.

Indirect object: Max gave Carol another chocolate.

Object of preposition: Roses are the flowers of love.

Adverb: The train leaves today.

–Assam Study Hub